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Effect of Heat Treatment and Sintering On the Structure and Properties of 410 Stainless Steel

410 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel, because it does not contain Ni, which is toxic to the human body, and has high hardness, strength and wear resistance. It has a wide range of applications in medical, aerospace, machinery manufacturing and other fields. The 410 stainless steel after injection molding produces C and Cr-rich grain boundary segregation at the grain boundary during the sintering process. At the same time, in order to obtain a higher density sample, the sintering temperature is higher. After high temperature sintering, there is residue in the matrix structure. A large amount of δ ferrite, both of which have a great influence on the mechanical properties of the sample. This paper studies the process control of heat treatment to eliminate grain boundary segregation while controlling the content and morphology of δ ferrite to obtain ideal hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength and elongation.

A series of tests were carried out on the sintered 410 stainless steel powder with the grade of 11D0815, and the following results were obtained:

1. The C-Cr enrichment of the grain boundary formed during the sintering process of 410 stainless steel will greatly reduce the toughness, which can be eliminated by annealing.

2. After heat treatment, the content of ferrite and martensite in 410 stainless steel is affected by the quenching temperature. The content of ferrite decreases with the increase of the quenching temperature, reaching the maximum at about 1080 ℃. After that, the temperature will continue to rise because Entering into the δ-γ two-phase zone to increase the ferrite content.

3. The mechanical properties of 410 stainless steel after heat treatment are greatly affected by the ferrite content in the matrix. The hardness, tensile strength and flexural strength decrease with the increase of the ferrite content. In this paper, the best quenching temperature is 1080 ℃. The comprehensive mechanical properties are hardness 523.1HV, bending strength 2649.8MPa, tensile strength 1064.3MPa, and elongation 3.2%.